Changes in how a student accesses information or demonstrates learning without substantially changing the instructional level, content, or performance criteria. Examples include extended time on tests or assignments, preferred seating, or using a calculator.
The process of gathering information about a student's educational needs through testing, observation, and evaluation. Used to determine eligibility for special education and develop appropriate educational programs.
A plan developed to address problem behaviors that includes positive behavioral interventions, strategies, and supports.
The responsibility to prove or disprove a claim in a legal proceeding. In most states, the school district bears this burden in special education disputes.
The legal requirement that schools identify, locate, and evaluate all children with disabilities who need special education services.
Written permission from parents for specific actions. Must be "informed consent," meaning parents understand and agree in writing to the proposed action.
Educational services awarded to make up for services that should have been provided but weren't, often due to a violation of FAPE.